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Severity factors of Mamushi (Agkistrodon blomhoffii) bite

Osamu Okamoto1, Masaki Oishi, Yutaka Hatano

  • 1Dermatology, Department of Anatomy, Biology and Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan. ookamoto@med.oita-u.ac.jp

The Journal of Dermatology
|April 23, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Mamushi bite severity is difficult to predict initially. However, the rate of creatinine kinase (CK) elevation and white blood cell (WBC) count over time can indicate Mamushi (Agkistrodon blomhoffii) bite severity.

Area of Science:

  • Herpetology
  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Mamushi (Agkistrodon blomhoffii) bites are a significant concern in certain regions.
  • Assessing bite severity promptly is crucial for effective patient management.

Observation:

  • Initial assessment and bloodwork at patient arrival were insufficient for predicting Mamushi bite severity.
  • Creatinine kinase (CK) levels showed a proportional elevation with time post-bite, following y = 300chi.
  • Severe cases requiring intensive care exhibited significant deviations in CK levels from this established trend.

Findings:

  • Maximal CK values correlate with time from bite, offering a potential severity indicator.
  • White blood cell (WBC) counts increase over time post-bite.
  • Severe Mamushi bites were often associated with WBC counts exceeding 20,000/microL.

Implications:

  • The rate of CK elevation relative to time post-bite is a valuable prognostic tool for Mamushi envenomation.
  • Elevated WBC counts can further support the assessment of Mamushi bite severity.
  • These findings can aid clinicians in early identification of severe cases and appropriate treatment allocation.

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