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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis risk factors
Mohammad Saadatnia1, Farzad Fatehi, Keivan Basiri
1Neurology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Summary
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) involves blood clots in brain sinuses. While historically linked to infections, modern causes include cancer, pregnancy, and oral contraceptives, with many cases having unknown origins.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Pathology
Background:
- Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon, potentially fatal condition causing acute neurological deterioration.
- Historically associated with infections, CVST is now more frequently linked to acquired or inherited risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of the diverse etiologies of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
- To update understanding of CVST causes in the post-antibiotic era.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
- Analysis of reported associations and risk factors for CVST.
Main Results:
- Common causes include neoplasm, pregnancy, puerperium, systemic diseases, dehydration, intracranial tumors, oral contraceptives, and coagulopathies.
- In 30% of cases, no underlying etiology for CVST is identified.
- Other associated factors include fibrous thyroiditis, jugular vein issues, surgery, trauma, infections, and autoimmune diseases.
Conclusions:
- CVST etiology is multifactorial, evolving over time with medical advancements.
- Recognizing the broad spectrum of CVST causes is crucial for diagnosis and management.
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