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Risk factors for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis compared to pulmonary tuberculosis
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Summary
Identifying risk factors for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) compared to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is crucial. Female sex, absence of diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and non-smoking were linked to EPTB.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge.
- Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) presents diverse symptoms, complicating diagnosis compared to pulmonary TB (PTB).
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze risk factors associated with EPTB in comparison to PTB.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study conducted at a university-affiliated hospital in southern Taiwan.
- Compared demographic data and underlying clinical conditions of EPTB and PTB patients.
- Utilized multivariate logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for EPTB.
Main Results:
- Out of 766 TB patients, 102 (13.3%) had EPTB and 664 (86.7%) had PTB.
- Bone and joint involvement was the most common EPTB site (24.5%).
- Independent risk factors for EPTB included female sex, absence of diabetes, presence of end-stage renal disease, and not smoking.
Conclusions:
- This study identifies key risk factors differentiating EPTB from PTB.
- Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for EPTB based on these identified risk factors to ensure timely and accurate diagnosis.
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