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Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms
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Published on: February 10, 2016

Backward masking suppresses collinear facilitation in the visual cortex.

Anna Sterkin1, Oren Yehezkel, Yoram S Bonneh

  • 1Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.

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Collinear flankers enhance low-contrast target detection. Backward masking at 50 ms eliminated these facilitation markers, revealing the temporal dynamics of visual cortex interactions and contour grouping.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Perceptual facilitation occurs when detecting low-contrast Gabor patches (GPs) flanked by collinear high-contrast stimuli.
  • Previous Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) studies demonstrated physiological evidence of collinear interactions via nonlinear modulation of waveform components and frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of collinear interactions using VEPs.
  • To determine the time course of backward masking (BM) effects on facilitation induced by lateral masking (LM).

Main Methods:

  • VEPs were recorded from participants viewing a low-contrast foveal target GP (T).
  • T was flanked by two collinear high-contrast GPs (LM) or presented with a subsequent identical mask (BM-on-LM) at varying inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs).
  • Responses were compared to T-alone and mask-alone conditions.

Main Results:

  • BM at a 50 ms ISI abolished physiological markers of facilitation, aligning with psychophysical data and indicating this ISI reflects the active time-window of lateral interactions.
  • The N1 peak amplitude of LM shifted towards linear prediction, and the spectrum shifted towards suppression, with no facilitation evident.
  • P1 peak amplitude reduction in BM-on-LM at 50 ms ISI suggested mutual interference in cortical processing.
  • Waveform subtraction indicated extended persistence of target representation underlies LM facilitation.

Conclusions:

  • The 50 ms ISI represents a critical time window for lateral interactions in the visual cortex.
  • Backward masking effectively disrupts the neural correlates of collinear facilitation.
  • Findings suggest extended target representation persistence contributes to collinear facilitation and may play a role in contour grouping.