Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

State Space Representation

State Space Representation

The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1 triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.

Quantum Numbers

Quantum Numbers

It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.

Upsampling

Upsampling

Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Measurement of the transverse spatial quantum state of light at the single-photon level: publisher's note.

Optics letters·2021

Same author

The cultivable microbiota of primary and secondary infected root canals, their susceptibility to antibiotics and association with the signs and symptoms of infection.

International endodontic journal·2015

Same author

Experimental extraction of secure correlations from a noisy private state.

Physical review letters·2011

Same author

Stochastic decoherence of qubits.

Optics express·2009

Same author

Fractional Talbot effect in phase space: A compact summation formula.

Optics express·2009

Same author

Optimal quantum phase estimation.

Physical review letters·2009

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Sampling quantum phase space with squeezed states.

K Banaszek, K Wodkiewicz

|April 23, 2009

Summary

Squeezed states in quantum optics enable direct phase space sampling via photon counting. This method enhances detection of quantum interference, even with signal loss.

Area of Science:

Quantum Optics
Quantum Information Science

Background:

Direct phase space sampling is crucial for quantum state characterization.
Photon counting is a fundamental measurement technique in quantum optics.
Losses in optical setups can degrade measurement fidelity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the application of squeezed states for direct phase space sampling.
To demonstrate the equivalence between different probing schemes in quantum detection.
To show the advantage of squeezed states in detecting quantum interference under lossy conditions.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a quantum optical scheme with squeezed coherent probe fields.
Performing photon counting measurements.
Analyzing the interference patterns of quantum states, including Schr oumlaut{}dinger cat states.

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Main Results:

Proved the equivalence between probing with a squeezed coherent field and a coherent state.
Demonstrated that squeezed states allow clear detection of interference between distinct phase space components.
Showcased the robustness of the method against losses in the unused output port.

Conclusions:

Squeezed states offer a powerful tool for direct phase space sampling in quantum optics.
The proposed scheme effectively overcomes challenges posed by signal loss.
This technique enhances the ability to probe and understand complex quantum states.