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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...

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Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

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Hydrogen storage in metal-organic frameworks.

Leslie J Murray¹, Mircea Dincă, Jeffrey R Long

¹Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA.

Chemical Society Reviews

|April 23, 2009

Summary

Metal-organic frameworks offer promising solutions for hydrogen storage. This review details their structural properties and adsorption enthalpies for efficient hydrogen fuel applications.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Energy Storage

Background:

Hydrogen fuel requires advanced storage materials for mobile applications.
Microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show potential due to high surface areas and tunable structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current state of hydrogen storage in metal-organic frameworks.
To highlight structure-property relationships and future strategies for enhanced storage capacity.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on MOFs for hydrogen storage.
Analysis of structural features influencing hydrogen adsorption enthalpy.
Discussion of spectroscopic techniques for probing MOF-H2 interactions.

Main Results:

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MOFs exhibit significant potential for high-density hydrogen storage.
Structural characteristics directly impact hydrogen adsorption enthalpy and capacity.
Various strategies are being explored to optimize MOF performance for hydrogen storage.

Conclusions:

Metal-organic frameworks are leading candidates for efficient hydrogen storage materials.
Further research into MOF design and characterization is crucial for practical hydrogen fuel applications.