[Applied cytology in the differential diagnosis of rhinitis]

The pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases of the nasal mucosa is multivariate. Cytological examination of nasal cells by conventional and immunocytochemical techniques helps to clarify the diagnosis. We present the morphology and functions of cell populations of interest, as well as typical cytological findings and their interpretation. Allergic and pseudoallergic disease can be recognised and differentiated from other forms of rhinitis. The demonstration of IgE-positive cells represents a new diagnostic feature of high sensitivity and specificity. In addition to the pathogenesis of the disease, cytology also indicates the degree and appropriate therapy of rhinitis.