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Antiphospholipid antibodies and malignancies.

A Tincani¹, M Taraborelli, R Cattaneo

¹U.O. Reumatologia e Immunologia Clinica, Spedali Civili e Università, 25123 Brescia, Italy. tincani@bresciareumatologia.it

Autoimmunity Reviews

|April 24, 2009

Summary

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) increase thrombosis risk in cancer patients and may be linked to malignancy development. This review explores the complex interplay between aPL, cancer, and thrombotic states.

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Immunology

Background:

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are known mediators of thrombosis since the 1980s.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with an increased risk of blood clots.
The relationship between aPL, cancer, and thrombosis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the impact of aPL on thrombotic risk in cancer patients.
To examine how cancer influences the thrombophilic state in APS patients.
To explore the potential of aPL as a risk factor for malignancy.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies investigating aPL prevalence in cancer patients.
Analysis of data comparing thrombotic event rates in aPL carriers with and without cancer.
Examination of epidemiological studies on aPL and cancer risk.

Main Results:

A higher prevalence of aPL has been observed in patients with solid tumors compared to controls.
Cancer patients who are aPL carriers exhibit an elevated risk of thrombosis, particularly those with solid malignancies.
aPL presence may be a risk factor for developing malignancies, especially hematological ones.

Conclusions:

aPL presence significantly increases thromboembolic risk in neoplastic patients.
aPL may increase the likelihood of malignancy development in healthy carriers.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the significance of the aPL-cancer relationship.