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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection
07:55

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection

Published on: November 3, 2012

Pediatric herpes simplex virus keratitis.

Ching-Hsi Hsiao1, Ling Yeung, Lung-Kun Yeh

  • 1From the Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Cornea
|April 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis can lead to recurrent infections and amblyopia in children. Prolonged oral antiviral prophylaxis may prevent these serious outcomes.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection
07:55

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection

Published on: November 3, 2012

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Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
07:27

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is a significant cause of corneal disease in children.
  • Understanding the clinical course and visual outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features and visual outcomes of pediatric HSV keratitis.
  • To identify risk factors for recurrence and amblyopia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 29 patients under 16 years with HSV keratitis.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by viral culture, PCR, or clinical history.
  • Analysis of keratitis type, recurrence rates, and visual acuity.

Main Results:

  • 45% of patients experienced recurrent HSV keratitis.
  • Female gender was associated with increased recurrence risk.
  • Amblyopia developed in 10 of 21 patients younger than 8 years.
  • Oral valacyclovir prophylaxis prevented recurrence in 5 patients during treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric HSV keratitis poses risks of recurrence and amblyopia.
  • Systemic antiviral prophylaxis may be beneficial in preventing complications.