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Related Experiment Videos

Though disorder in high-functioning autistic adults.

E Dykens1, F Volkmar, M Glick

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine Child Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

High-functioning autistic individuals show negative thought disorder symptoms like Poverty of Speech and cognitive slippage. These findings, using the TLC Scale and Rorschach, reveal similarities and differences with schizophrenia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social-communication deficits and restricted, repetitive behaviors.
  • Thought disorder, typically associated with psychosis, has been less extensively studied in autism, particularly in high-functioning individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate thought disorder characteristics in high-functioning autistic young adults and older adolescents.
  • To compare these characteristics with those observed in schizophrenia using objective and projective measures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Thought, Language and Communication Disorder Scale (TLC Scale) for objective ratings.
  • Employed Rorschach inkblot tests for projective data analysis.

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  • Sample comprised 11 high-functioning autistic individuals (mean IQ = 83).

    • Main Results:

    • TLC Scale results indicated negative thought disorder features, such as Poverty of Speech.
    • Rorschach protocols revealed impaired reality testing and perceptual distortions in all subjects.
    • Autistic subjects showed cognitive slippage, including Incongruous Combinations and Deviant Responses.
    • Comparison with schizophrenic groups showed significantly more Poverty of Speech and less illogical thinking in autistic individuals on the TLC Scale.

    Conclusions:

    • High-functioning autism presents with specific thought disorder features, including negative symptoms and cognitive slippage.
    • The Rorschach and TLC Scale identified shared and distinct features of thought disorder between autism and schizophrenia.
    • Findings contribute to understanding the cognitive profiles and potential overlaps between these conditions.