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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis

Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis

Published on: September 7, 2022

Low power visible-to-UV upconversion.

Tanya N Singh-Rachford¹, Felix N Castellano

¹Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, USA.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A

|April 25, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates low-power visible-to-UV photon upconversion using organic chromophores. This process, enabled by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA), achieves a record anti-Stokes shift for UV fluorescence.

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Area of Science:

Photochemistry
Organic Electronics
Spectroscopy

Background:

Photon upconversion is crucial for applications like solar cells and bioimaging.
Organic chromophores offer tunable properties for efficient light manipulation.
Triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) is a known mechanism for upconversion.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate low-power visible-to-UV photon upconversion for the first time.
To investigate the mechanism of upconversion using organic chromophores.
To quantify key photophysical parameters of the upconversion process.

Main Methods:

Selective excitation of a triplet sensitizer (biacetyl) in the presence of a laser dye (PPO).
Nanosecond laser flash photolysis to study energy transfer and annihilation kinetics.
Measurement of upconverted fluorescence intensity and quantum yield.

Main Results:

Achieved visible-to-UV photon upconversion with a record 0.64 eV anti-Stokes shift.
Confirmed biacetyl-sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) as the upconversion mechanism.
Determined rate constants for triplet-triplet energy transfer (k(q)) and annihilation (k(TT)).

Conclusions:

Demonstrated efficient low-power photon upconversion using simple organic molecules.
The study provides a foundation for developing new upconversion materials and devices.
The observed TTA process reaches the diffusion limit in benzene, indicating high efficiency.