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Related Concept Videos

Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Related Experiment Videos

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent host.

Monica Pau, Cesarina Lallai, Natalia Aste

    Mycoses
    |April 25, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details a rare case of primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent individual. It highlights successful treatment with itraconazole, showing complete recovery and no relapse.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Mycology

    Background:

    • Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis is a rare fungal infection, particularly in immunocompetent individuals.
    • Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause superficial or systemic infections.

    Observation:

    • A case of primary cutaneous cryptococcosis affecting the right arm of an immunocompetent patient is presented.
    • The patient presented with nodules and plaques on the arm, which was paralytic and hypoplastic, following minor trauma.
    • Histopathology revealed a dermal infiltrate with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive bodies, and cultures confirmed Cryptococcus neoformans.

    Findings:

    • The patient had no underlying immune deficiency or systemic involvement.
    • Treatment with oral itraconazole (200 mg daily for 4 months) resulted in complete clinical resolution.
    • A 2-year follow-up showed no evidence of relapse or dissemination.

    Implications:

    • This case underscores that primary cutaneous cryptococcosis can occur in immunocompetent hosts.
    • It demonstrates the efficacy of itraconazole in treating this condition.
    • Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal therapy are crucial for favorable outcomes and preventing dissemination.