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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Transporters01:31

Membrane Transporters

Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
ABC Transporters: Exporter01:31

ABC Transporters: Exporter

ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains (TMDs) and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs are specific to their substrates, whereas the NBDs are similar to engines that complete ATP hydrolysis to complete the substrate transport. They can be full transporters consisting of two TMDs and NBDs, half transporters with one TMD and NBD, while some encoded with a single TMD or NBD are...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters01:16

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters

The pharmacogenetics of drug transporters is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing interindividual variability in drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. These membrane-bound proteins regulate drugs' movement across cellular barriers by actively pumping them out (efflux) or facilitating their uptake (influx). Among the major transporter families, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters play particularly prominent roles. Genetic polymorphisms...
ABC Transporters: Importer01:27

ABC Transporters: Importer

ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into importers and exporters. While exporters are present in all domains of life, importers exist only in bacteria and some plants.
In bacteria, based on the number of transmembrane helices and the chemical nature of their substrates, the ABC importers can be divided into three types:
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
11:56

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells

Published on: April 11, 2014

Vitamin C transporters.

C I Rivas1, F A Zúñiga, A Salas-Burgos

  • 1Depto de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. corivas@udec.cl

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry
|April 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Humans require dietary vitamin C (ascorbic acid) due to inability to synthesize it. Cells utilize specific transporters, GLUT and SVCT families, for vitamin C uptake and recycling, ensuring adequate levels.

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Characterizing Mammalian Zinc Transporters Using an In Vitro Zinc Transport Assay

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High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies
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High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
11:56

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells

Published on: April 11, 2014

Characterizing Mammalian Zinc Transporters Using an In Vitro Zinc Transport Assay
07:55

Characterizing Mammalian Zinc Transporters Using an In Vitro Zinc Transport Assay

Published on: June 2, 2023

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies
07:10

High-Throughput Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carriers for Structural and Biochemical Studies

Published on: September 29, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential antioxidant for humans, who cannot synthesize it and must obtain it from diet.
  • Vitamin C functions intracellularly, necessitating specific membrane transporters for cellular uptake.
  • Two forms exist: reduced ascorbic acid and oxidized dehydroascorbic acid, each with distinct transport mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of vitamin C cellular uptake and recycling in humans.
  • To identify the specific transporter families involved in vitamin C transport.
  • To understand how these transporters contribute to maintaining vitamin C homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of vitamin C transporter families: SVCT (sodium-coupled) and GLUT (facilitative glucose transporters).
  • Identification of specific isoforms involved in vitamin C transport (SVCT1, SVCT2, GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT4).
  • Investigation of differential cell and tissue expression and functional properties of these transporters.

Main Results:

  • Ascorbic acid is transported by the SVCT family (SVCT1, SVCT2).
  • Dehydroascorbic acid is transported by GLUT family members (GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT4).
  • Humans possess an efficient vitamin C recycling system involving both SVCT and GLUT transporters.

Conclusions:

  • Specific transporters, SVCT and GLUT families, are crucial for cellular vitamin C acquisition and intracellular retention.
  • The interplay between these transporters facilitates efficient vitamin C recycling, meeting human physiological requirements.
  • Understanding these transport systems is key to managing vitamin C status and related health implications.