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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
Published on: September 23, 2021
Enhancing the detection of natural thermal entanglement with disorder
Jenny Hide1, Wonmin Son, Vlatko Vedral
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, EC Stoner Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
Physical systems have some degree of disorder present in them. We discuss how to treat natural, thermal entanglement in any random macroscopic system from which a thermodynamic witness bounded by a constant can be found. We propose that functional many-body perturbation theory be applied to allow either a quenched or an annealed average over the disorder to be taken. We find, when considering the example of an XX Heisenberg spin chain with a random coupling strength, that the region of natural entanglement detected by both witnesses can be enhanced by the disorder.
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