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Related Concept Videos

Torque01:10

Torque

Torque is an important quantity for describing the dynamics of a rotating rigid body. We see the application of torque in many ways in the world, such as when pressing the accelerator in a car, which causes the engine to apply additional torque on the drivetrain. Here, we define torque and provide a framework to create an equation to calculate torque for a rigid body with fixed-axis rotation.
Torque can be considered as the rotational counterpart to force. Since forces change the translational...
Net Torque Calculations01:19

Net Torque Calculations

When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to rotate...
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...
Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the torque exerted...
Toroids01:27

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
10:41

Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle

Published on: December 14, 2011

Domain wall spin torquemeter.

I M Miron1, P-J Zermatten, G Gaudin

  • 1SPINTEC, CEA/CNRS/UJF/GINP, INAC, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.

Physical Review Letters
|April 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We directly measured the nonadiabatic spin torque in domain walls, finding it can be as significant as the adiabatic component. This discovery enhances spin torque efficiency for future applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Domain walls in magnetic materials host unique spin textures.
  • Spin torque drives magnetic domain wall motion, crucial for data storage.
  • Understanding nonadiabatic spin torque is key to improving device efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure the nonadiabatic component of spin torque in domain walls.
  • To investigate the factors influencing the nonadiabatic spin torque contribution.
  • To assess the potential for enhanced spin torque efficiency in spintronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel measurement technique for direct nonadiabatic spin torque quantification.
  • Ensured method independence from domain wall pinning and Gilbert damping.
  • Analyzed the ratio of nonadiabatic to adiabatic spin torque components.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated direct measurement of nonadiabatic spin torque is feasible.
  • Showcased that the nonadiabatic component can equal the adiabatic component (ratio up to 1).
  • Identified a high spin-flip rate as the cause for significant nonadiabatic torque.

Conclusions:

  • The nonadiabatic spin torque is a crucial factor in domain wall dynamics.
  • Spin-flip rate significantly impacts nonadiabatic torque efficiency.
  • Results pave the way for more efficient spintronic devices through optimized spin torque.