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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Determining heat and mechanical pain threshold in inflamed skin of human subjects
13:21

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Published on: January 14, 2009

Stress-induced analgesia.

Ryan K Butler1, David P Finn

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, NCBES Neuroscience Cluster and Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.

Progress in Neurobiology
|April 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stress-induced analgesia, the suppression of pain by stress, varies individually and involves complex neurochemical pathways. Understanding this phenomenon offers insights into pain and stress disorders.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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Published on: July 29, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Investigates pain suppression by stress, known as stress-induced analgesia, for over 30 years.
  • Individual sensitivity to stress-induced analgesia varies and links to phenotypes like opioid sensitivity and startle response.
  • Influenced by factors such as age, gender, and prior environmental exposures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms and influencing factors of stress-induced analgesia.
  • To highlight the role of descending inhibitory pain pathways.
  • To explore the neurochemical systems involved in pain modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological and neurochemical studies.
  • Analysis of factors influencing individual sensitivity.
  • Examination of the descending inhibitory pain pathway.

Main Results:

  • Stress-induced analgesia is mediated by descending inhibitory pain pathways.
  • Multiple neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are involved, including opioid, monoamine, cannabinoid, GABA, and glutamate systems.
  • Individual differences in sensitivity are linked to various phenotypes and external factors.

Conclusions:

  • Stress-induced analgesia is a complex phenomenon with significant individual variability.
  • Understanding its neurobiology enhances knowledge of pain and stress physiology.
  • It offers potential therapeutic targets for pain and stress-related disorders.