Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulated mRNA Transport

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...

Regulated mRNA Transport

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

Global Regulatory Systems

Global Regulatory Systems

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Monovalent and multivalent OspA mRNA-LNP vaccines elicit functional antibodies and protect against Borrelia burgdorferi in mice.

NPJ vaccines·2026

Same author

Broadly conserved protective epitopes on the lyme disease vaccine antigen, OspA.

PLoS pathogens·2026

Same author

An Fc-silent OspA monoclonal antibody passively protects mice from tick and intradermal Borrelia burgdorferi challenge.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Germline encoded residues dominate the interaction of a human monoclonal antibody with decorin binding protein A of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>.

Frontiers in immunology·2025

Same author

A type-specific B-cell epitope at the apex of outer surface protein C (OspC) of the Lyme disease spirochete, <i>Borreliella burgdorferi</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2025

Same author

RNA dynamics in oxidative stress: From obscurity to mechanistic understanding in health and disease.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

Global regulators orchestrate group II intron retromobility.

Colin J Coros¹, Carol Lyn Piazza, Venkata R Chalamcharla

¹Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Center for Medical Sciences, 150 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA.

|April 28, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Group II introns, mobile genetic elements, are mobilized by cellular stress molecules cyclic AMP (cAMP) and guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp). Metabolic stress activates these molecules, promoting intron movement and genetic diversity.

More Related Videos

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Microbiology

Background:

Group II introns are mobile retroelements with potential links to spliceosomal introns and retrotransposons.
These introns move via an RNA intermediate and are found across diverse genomes.
Their mobility is crucial for genetic diversity and evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of cellular metabolic regulators in controlling group II intron mobility.
To determine if cyclic AMP (cAMP) and guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) influence group II intron retromobility.
To elucidate the mechanism by which metabolic stress impacts intron retrotransposition.

Main Methods:

Utilized Escherichia coli gene disruption to study enzymes involved in cAMP and ppGpp synthesis.
Manipulated cellular conditions (glucose depletion, cAMP supplementation, amino acid starvation) to alter ppGpp levels.
Quantified group II intron retromobility, distinguishing between retrotransposition and retrohoming.

Main Results:

Disruption of cAMP and ppGpp synthesis pathways inhibited group II intron retromobility.
Glucose depletion and cAMP supplementation stimulated intron retromobility in wild-type and mutant cells, respectively.
Amino acid starvation, inducing ppGpp, also activated retromobility, favoring retrotransposition over retrohoming.
These effects were mediated at the DNA target level, not by altering retroelement expression.

Conclusions:

Cellular metabolic state, signaled by cAMP and ppGpp, directly regulates group II intron mobility.
Metabolic stress conditions promote group II intron movement, particularly retrotransposition.
Group II introns integrate their mobility with global cellular circuitry, contributing to genetic diversity during stress.