[Relation between atherosclerotic calcifications detected in chest computed tomography and lung function].

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular health
• Pulmonary medicine
• Radiology

Background:

• Epidemiological studies suggest a connection between atherosclerosis and lung function.
• Chest atherosclerosis, particularly calcification, is increasingly recognized as a potential systemic health indicator.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between calcified chest atherosclerosis, assessed via computed tomography (CT), and various lung functional parameters.
• To explore potential links between aortic calcification and measures of lung capacity and airflow.

Main Methods:

• Chest CT scans of male construction workers (n=432) were used to visually classify atherosclerotic calcification in the aorta and its branches.
• Lung function parameters including total lung capacity (TLC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC%), and diffusing capacities were measured.
• Statistical analysis using a general linear model adjusted for smoking, asbestos exposure, and body mass index was employed.

Main Results:

• Significant negative associations were found between aortic and branch artery calcifications and most lung function parameters, excluding TLC.
• Total lung capacity (TLC) showed a significant negative association only with atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta.
• These findings indicate a correlation between the extent of aortic atherosclerosis and diminished lung function.

Conclusions:

• Aortic atherosclerosis appears to be associated with poorer lung function.
• Deteriorated bronchial circulation is a potential mechanism, though other factors may contribute.
• Lung function below expected levels for pulmonary reasons could be an indicator of underlying aortic atherosclerosis.