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Related Concept Videos

Types of Skewness01:09

Types of Skewness

If the frequency distribution of a data set is more inclined towards smaller or larger values, the distribution is said to be skewed. If data values are skewed to the right, then the distribution is called positively skewed. Conversely, if the plot is skewed to the left, the distribution is called negatively skewed.
For instance, in the middle of a pandemic, the geographical distribution of vaccine coverage may be positively skewed towards populations in the global north countries. However,...
Skewness01:06

Skewness

The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
The longer the tail of the plot on one side, the more skewed it is. The skewness of a data set’s values suggests that the measures of central tendency are...
Microsoft Excel: Finding Central Tendency, Skew, and Kurtosis01:24

Microsoft Excel: Finding Central Tendency, Skew, and Kurtosis

Central tendency refers to the central point or typical value of a dataset. It summarizes the data set with a single value that represents the center of its distribution. The three main measures of central tendency are:
Mean: The arithmetic average of all data points. It is calculated by adding all the values together and dividing by the number of values. The mean is sensitive to extreme values (outliers).
Median: The middle value when the data points are arranged in ascending or descending...
Polar Curves01:19

Polar Curves

The spirograph is a versatile tool for visualizing the relationship between geometry and mathematical representation. In particular, it demonstrates how polar coordinates offer an alternative framework for describing curves in comparison to Cartesian coordinates. Instead of specifying a point by its horizontal and vertical displacements (x, y), polar coordinates use a radius r, the distance from the origin, and an angle θ, measured counterclockwise from the polar axis. This system is...
Shear Diagram01:27

Shear Diagram

In the study of beam mechanics, shear diagrams play a crucial role in understanding the distribution of shear forces along the length of a beam. Consider a beam AB that is supported at both ends and subjected to perpendicular loads.
First, a free-body diagram of the beam is drawn, representing all the external forces and internal reactions acting on the beam. One can calculate the reaction forces at each support by employing the equilibrium equations of force and moment. The vertical component...
Differential Leveling01:12

Differential Leveling

Differential leveling is a precise method in surveying used to determine the elevation difference between two points. Its primary goal is to establish accurate vertical measurements to create level surfaces or grade lines critical for designing and constructing infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings.The procedure for differential leveling begins with setting up and leveling the instrument at a point where the benchmark can be seen. The level rod is held on the benchmark (BM), and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

Mantle skewness and ridge segmentation.

Satish C Singh1, Ken C Macdonald

  • 1Laboratoire de Géosciences Marines, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, Paris 75252, France. singh@ipgp.jussieu.fr

Nature
|April 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Mantle upwelling is typically symmetric, but new seismic data suggests it may be skewed. However, the evidence for this skewed mantle upwelling and its implications are not well-supported by the available data.

Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Tectonics

Background:

  • Mantle upwelling at mid-ocean ridges is often assumed to be symmetric.
  • Previous studies suggested skewed mantle upwelling based on seismic observations of low-velocity zones.

Discussion:

  • The existence and extent of the mantle low-velocity zone (MLVZ) proposed by Toomey et al. are not adequately constrained by their seismic data.
  • The interpretation of skewed mantle upwelling relies heavily on the presence and characteristics of this MLVZ.

Key Insights:

  • The seismic data presented does not definitively support the existence of a skewed mantle low-velocity zone.
  • Consequently, conclusions drawn about asymmetric mantle flow and its geological consequences are unreliable.

Outlook:

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  • Further seismic studies with improved resolution and data coverage are needed to accurately characterize mantle structure beneath mid-ocean ridges.
  • Re-evaluation of models for ridge segmentation, asthenospheric flow, and associated geological processes is warranted based on more robust data.