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Related Concept Videos

Tissues01:18

Tissues

Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.

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[Soft tissue tumors in neonates].

V Minard-Colin1, D Orbach, H Martelli

  • 1Département de pédiatrie, institut Gustave-Roussy, 39, rue Camille-Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|April 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal soft tissue tumors are often benign vascular tumors like infantile hemangiomas. Rare malignant tumors, such as infantile fibrosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, require specific treatments with generally good prognoses.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Vascular Tumors
  • Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Context:

  • Soft tissue tumors represent 25% of neonatal neoplasms, with benign types predominating.
  • Vascular tumors, particularly infantile hemangiomas, are common benign neonatal soft tissue neoplasms.
  • Rare malignant soft tissue tumors, including infantile fibrosarcoma and neonatal rhabdomyosarcoma, pose significant clinical challenges.

Purpose:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical behavior, and management of common and rare neonatal soft tissue tumors.
  • To highlight the characteristics of benign vascular tumors and aggressive malignant neoplasms in neonates.
  • To discuss the genetic underpinnings and therapeutic strategies for infantile fibrosarcoma and neonatal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Summary:

  • Benign soft tissue tumors, primarily vascular in nature, are frequent in neonates. Infantile hemangioma is the most prevalent type.
  • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, a rare vascular tumor, can present with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, causing thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy.
  • Malignant neonatal soft tissue tumors include infantile fibrosarcoma (IF) with a characteristic ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion and neonatal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).
  • IF treatment involves surgical resection, with chemotherapy reserved for unresectable cases; prognosis is excellent (80-100% survival).
  • RMS in neonates primarily affects limbs and genitourinary tract, treated with chemotherapy and surgery, showing a comparable prognosis to older children.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of neonatal soft tissue tumors for clinicians and researchers.
  • Emphasizes the importance of differentiating benign from malignant neonatal neoplasms for appropriate management.
  • Informs therapeutic decisions and prognostic assessments for rare neonatal soft tissue tumors like IF and RMS.