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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

Does change in accessibility with conversion depend on both the substrate and pretreatment technology?

Rajeev Kumar¹, Charles E Wyman

¹Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, New Hampshire 03755, USA.

Bioresource Technology

|April 29, 2009

Summary

Enzyme accessibility to glucan and xylan in biomass changes with pretreatment. Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) shows stable glucan access, while lime pretreatment decreases enzyme access to both glucan and xylan during conversion.

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High-throughput Screening of Recalcitrance Variations in Lignocellulosic Biomass: Total Lignin, Lignin Monomers, and Enzymatic Sugar Release

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Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Published on: April 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomass Conversion
Enzyme Technology
Biochemical Engineering

Background:

Understanding enzyme accessibility to biomass components like glucan and xylan is crucial for efficient biofuel production.
Pretreatment methods significantly impact the structural integrity and enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the accessibility of cellulase and xylanase enzymes to glucan and xylan, respectively, in pretreated biomass.
To investigate how enzyme accessibility changes with the degree of biomass conversion.
To compare the effects of different pretreatment methods (AFEX, ARP, dilute acid, lime) on enzyme accessibility.

Main Methods:

Enzyme adsorption assays using purified CBHI (Cel7A) to measure glucan accessibility.
Hydrolysis yield determination to assess overall biomass conversion.
Biological protein removal using Protease.
Analysis of Avicel glucan and pretreated poplar solids.

Main Results:

Avicel glucan showed minimal change in accessibility with conversion.
AFEX pretreated solids maintained high glucan accessibility up to 90% conversion, with xylan accessibility declining initially.
Lime pretreated poplar solids exhibited a significant decrease in glucan and xylan accessibility with conversion.
Increased CBHI adsorption in lime pretreated solids suggested potential lignin exposure or reduced enzyme effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Biomass pretreatment significantly influences enzyme accessibility, with variations observed among different methods.
Lime pretreatment leads to a substantial decline in enzyme accessibility during conversion, unlike AFEX.
Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms behind altered enzyme accessibility, especially in lime-treated biomass.