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Reference values for gamma-glutamyl-transferase in amniotic fluid in normal pregnancies
Ron Bardin1, David Danon, Ruth Tor
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tiqwa, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqwa 49100, Israel. Bardin@netvision.net.il
Prenatal Diagnosis
|April 29, 2009
Summary
This study establishes reference values for fetal gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) in amniotic fluid between 16 and 22 weeks of gestation. These findings aid in diagnosing fetal gallbladder abnormalities.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal diagnostics
- Biochemical markers in pregnancy
- Fetal medicine
Background:
- Nonvisualization of the fetal gallbladder on ultrasound presents a diagnostic challenge.
- Accurate assessment of fetal hepatobiliary function is crucial for prenatal diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish reference values for amniotic fluid gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) in normal pregnancies.
- To determine the gestational age range for reliable GGT reference values.
- To aid in differentiating fetal gallbladder absence from other biliary anomalies.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study design involving pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis (≥16 weeks gestation).
- Amniotic fluid analyzed for GGT and other hepatobiliary enzymes using the Integra 800 device.
- Calculation of 5th and 95th percentiles for GGT levels per gestational week.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 263 amniotic fluid samples; GGT levels correlated with gestational age (weeks 16-22).
- Established mean values and 5th/95th percentiles for GGT from 16 to 22 weeks gestation.
- Alkaline phosphatase, AST, and ALT levels were insufficient for reference value determination.
Conclusions:
- Defined reference ranges for amniotic fluid GGT in normal pregnancies (16-22 weeks gestation).
- These GGT values can assist in distinguishing isolated fetal gallbladder absence from conditions like extrahepatic biliary atresia.
