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Related Experiment Videos

Hepatic dysfunction accompanying acute cocaine intoxication.

M O Silva1, D Roth, K R Reddy

  • 1University of Miami School of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, FL 33101.

Journal of Hepatology
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Acute cocaine intoxication can cause severe liver injury, leading to significant complications like hypotension, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute renal failure. This highlights the critical need for monitoring liver function in patients with cocaine-induced rhabdomyolysis.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Hepatology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Cocaine intoxication is a significant public health concern.
  • Rhabdomyolysis is a known complication of cocaine use.
  • The impact of cocaine intoxication on liver function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and clinical significance of liver dysfunction in patients with acute cocaine intoxication and rhabdomyolysis.
  • To identify clinical factors associated with severe liver injury in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 39 patients with acute cocaine intoxication and rhabdomyolysis over an 8-year period.
  • Classification of patients into groups based on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels: severe liver injury (ALT > 400 U/l), mild liver injury (ALT 36-399 U/l), and no liver injury.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of clinical outcomes, including hypotension, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hyperpyrexia, and acute renal failure, between groups.
  • Histopathological examination of liver tissue from post-mortem samples.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-three patients (59%) showed biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction.
    • Sixteen patients had severe liver injury (Group A).
    • Group A patients experienced significantly higher rates of profound hypotension (44%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (50%), hyperpyrexia (75%), and acute renal failure (81%) compared to those without liver injury.
    • Mortality rate in Group A was 44% (7 patients).
    • Histology revealed extensive liver necrosis in severe cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Cocaine intoxication can lead to multifactorial liver dysfunction.
    • Severe liver injury in cocaine-intoxicated patients with rhabdomyolysis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
    • Close monitoring of liver function is crucial in managing these patients.