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Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...

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Laparoscopic S7 Hepatectomy with Positive Fluorescence Staining
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Increased CA 19-9 level in patients without malignant disease.

Hye-Ryoun Kim1, Chang-Hyun Lee, Young Whan Kim

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
|May 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) levels can indicate lung abnormalities, not just cancer. This study found associations between increased CA 19-9 and conditions like emphysema and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a biomarker primarily used for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Elevated CA 19-9 levels have been observed in patients with benign lung diseases, necessitating further investigation.
  • Understanding the link between CA 19-9 and pulmonary conditions is crucial for accurate clinical interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify pulmonary radiographic abnormalities associated with elevated CA 19-9 concentrations.
  • To determine laboratory results linked to increased CA 19-9 in individuals without malignancy.
  • To differentiate potential causes of elevated CA 19-9 beyond pancreatic cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A case-controlled study design was employed.
  • Cases comprised participants with elevated CA 19-9 (>37 U/mL) but no cancer diagnosis.
  • Controls were age- and sex-matched participants with normal CA 19-9 levels; laboratory and radiographic data were compared.

Main Results:

  • 119 cases and 476 controls were analyzed.
  • Independent factors for increased CA 19-9 included higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, emphysema, and interstitial fibrosis.
  • Specific adjusted odds ratios (aORs) highlight significant associations, e.g., interstitial fibrosis (aOR, 10.62).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated CA 19-9 concentrations are associated with various lung abnormalities.
  • Increased ESR and HbA1c are also linked to elevated CA 19-9 in the presence of lung conditions.
  • These findings suggest CA 19-9 may serve as an indicator for underlying pulmonary disease.