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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

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Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
12:06

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

Published on: October 10, 2011

New insights into liver stem cells.

E Gaudio1, G Carpino, V Cardinale

  • 1Department of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. eugenio.gaudio@uniroma1.it

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
|May 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatic progenitor cells are liver stem cells that activate during injury. These cells and their niche offer potential for new liver disease therapies and cell transplantation.

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Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Published on: October 26, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are bi-potential stem cells in the liver, capable of differentiating into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes.
  • In adult livers, HPCs are quiescent but activate upon significant damage or cell loss, serving as a reserve compartment.
  • The HPC niche comprises various cells (e.g., hepatic stellate cells, endothelial cells, immune cells) and signaling molecules that regulate HPC behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of hepatic progenitor cells and their niche in liver disease.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of HPCs and their niche in liver regeneration and disease treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hepatic progenitor cell biology and liver disease.
  • Analysis of the cellular and molecular interactions within the hepatic progenitor cell niche.
  • Discussion of current and future therapeutic applications, including cell transplantation and targeted drug delivery.

Main Results:

  • Hepatic progenitor cell activation is a key response to acute and chronic liver injury.
  • The complex niche environment significantly influences HPC proliferation and differentiation.
  • HPCs possess advantages over mature hepatocytes for cell-based therapies in liver diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatic progenitor cells and their niche represent a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies in liver disease.
  • Cell isolation and transplantation of HPCs offer a potential new avenue for treating end-stage chronic liver diseases.
  • Advancements in stem cell therapy hold significant promise for the future of liver disease management.