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Towards a new reference test for surra in camels.

Thao Tran1, Filip Claes, Didier Verloo

  • 1Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. thao.tran@vub.ac.be

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI
|May 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A new diagnostic test for Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels, the ELISA/rISG75, shows high sensitivity and specificity. This novel assay, using a nonvariable protein, offers a reliable alternative for diagnosing surra in camels and potentially other Trypanozoon species.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Immunodiagnostics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Current diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi relies on RoTat 1.2 variable antigen type.
  • Existing methods may be limited by antigenic variation and animal use.
  • Need for a stable, reliable diagnostic for camel trypanosomiasis (surra).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a novel serological diagnostic test for T. evansi in camels.
  • Utilize a nonvariable protein (invariant surface glycoprotein 75) for improved stability.
  • Eliminate the need for rodent use in test production.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant extracellular domain of invariant surface glycoprotein 75 (rISG75).
  • Tested ELISA/rISG75 on 184 camel sera.

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  • Compared results with established tests: ELISA/T. evansi, CATT/T. evansi, and immune trypanolysis (TL) assay.

    • Main Results:

    • ELISA/rISG75 showed 94.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
    • Performance was comparable to gold standard TL assay, with kappa scores ≥ 0.94.
    • Demonstrated high agreement with other established diagnostic methods.

    Conclusions:

    • ELISA/rISG75 is a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for surra in camels.
    • The test's independence from antigenic variation makes it a robust reference standard.
    • Potential for broader application in diagnosing T. evansi and other Trypanozoon infections.