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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
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Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...

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Transparency effects on powder speckle decorrelation.

D Death, J Eberhardt, C Rogers

    Optics Express
    |May 1, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Laser speckle decorrelation measures powder size, but transparency affects accuracy. Diffuse reflectance data can correct for these transparency effects, improving size measurements.

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    Published on: May 8, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Optical physics
    • Materials science
    • Powder technology

    Background:

    • Laser speckle decorrelation is used for powder size and rock roughness measurements.
    • Angular decorrelation rate correlates with mean powder size in bulk powders.
    • Transparent powders show higher decorrelation rates than opaque ones, compromising accuracy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of powder transparency on laser speckle decorrelation measurements.
    • To develop a method for correcting transparency effects in powder size determination.
    • To enhance the accuracy of laser speckle-based particle size analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Applied laser speckle decorrelation to bulk powder beds.
    • Investigated angular decorrelation rates for transparent and opaque powders.
    • Utilized Monte Carlo modeling to simulate photon path lengths.
    • Collected and analyzed diffuse reflectance data.

    Main Results:

    • Found that powder transparency significantly affects angular decorrelation rates.
    • Demonstrated that diffuse reflectance data can quantify transparency effects.
    • Showed that correcting for transparency improves the accuracy of mean powder size measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • Transparency is a critical factor affecting laser speckle decorrelation measurements.
    • Diffuse reflectance offers a viable method for compensating transparency effects.
    • Accurate powder size measurement using laser speckle requires accounting for material transparency.