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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis01:18

Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis

The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava
06:59

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Published on: January 13, 2023

Hollow viscus injury.

Christopher McStay1, Anna Ringwelski, Philip Levy

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University Hospital and Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|May 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Hollow viscus injuries are rare in blunt trauma but often missed, leading to high mortality. Diagnosis requires careful consideration beyond standard imaging, as negative scans do not always rule out these critical injuries.

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Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
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Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Published on: July 11, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava
06:59

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Published on: January 13, 2023

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
06:12

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Published on: July 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Surgical Diagnostics
  • Abdominal Imaging

Background:

  • Hollow viscus injuries represent a rare but serious complication, occurring in about 1% of blunt trauma cases.
  • These injuries pose significant diagnostic challenges due to their infrequent occurrence and often subtle presentation.

Observation:

  • Delayed or missed diagnosis of hollow viscus injuries is common.
  • Standard diagnostic imaging, such as abdominal computed tomography (CT), may not be sufficient to exclude these injuries in all cases.

Findings:

  • Hollow viscus injuries are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.
  • A case-based review highlights the importance of understanding the epidemiology and diagnostic nuances.
  • Diagnostic pathways for hollow viscus injuries require critical evaluation, especially when clinical suspicion is high despite negative imaging.

Implications:

  • Clinical suspicion remains paramount in diagnosing hollow viscus injuries.
  • Further research into advanced diagnostic modalities may be warranted.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are crucial to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with these injuries.