A 256 x 256 2-D array transducer with row-column addressing for 3-D rectilinear imaging

Area of Science:

• Ultrasound transducer technology
• Medical imaging systems
• Array transducer design

Background:

• Traditional 2D array transducers face challenges with interconnects and switching schemes.
• Volumetric imaging requires sophisticated beamforming for both transmit and receive signals.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present simulation and experimental results of a 5-MHz, 256x256 2D array transducer with row-column addressing.
• To demonstrate the transducer's capability for volumetric imaging with azimuth and elevation beamforming.
• To evaluate the performance of the new transducer design.

Main Methods:

• Prototyping and testing of a 256x256 2D array transducer using a 1-3 composite material.
• Utilizing row-column addressing and a modified transmit/receive switching scheme.
• Acquiring 3D images of phantoms (nylon wires and cyst) for analysis.

Main Results:

• The fabricated transducer exhibited a center frequency of 5.3 MHz and a -6 dB fractional bandwidth of 53%.
• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the transmit focus was measured at 30 dB, with average nearest neighbor crosstalk at -25 dB.
• 3D images clearly visualized wire cross-sections and cyst structures, with discernible wire separation and measurable lateral beamwidth.

Conclusions:

• The developed 2D array transducer with row-column addressing offers reduced interconnects and effective volumetric imaging capabilities.
• The design facilitates transmit beamforming in azimuth and receive beamforming in elevation for enhanced 3D imaging.
• Experimental results validate the transducer's performance for visualizing complex structures in phantoms.