Association between changes in obesity parameters and incidence of chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals

Obesity increases the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). By analyzing data on individuals who underwent general health screening in two consecutive years, we investigated whether changes in body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) were associated with the appearance or disappearance of the CKD components; micro-/macroalbuminuria (> or =30 mg urinary albumin per gram creatinine) and a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). Logistic regression analysis showed that in men with micro-/macroalbuminuria at the first visit, a BMI reduction of > or =0.42 or a WC reduction of > or =3.0 cm over the 1-year period resulted in a significantly reduced incident of micro-/macroalbuminuria at the second visit. On the other hand, a BMI gain of > or =0.33 over 1 year in men without micro-/macroalbuminuria and a low eGFR at the fist visit significantly increased the incident of micro-/macroalbuminuria and a low eGFR, respectively, at the second visit. These findings indicate that lowering the obesity indexes in men with micro-/macroalbuminuria reduced the incidence of this condition at the 1-year follow-up and that, on the contrary, an increase in BMI in men without micro-/macroalbuminuria and a low eGFR at the first examination increased the risk of these conditions during the 1-year follow-up period.