Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Mechanics of (Poro-)Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton08:50

The Mechanics of (Poro-)Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton

1.1K
In this work, an in vitro reconstitution approach is employed to study the poroelasticity of actomyosin gels under controlled conditions. The dynamics of the actomyosin gel and the embedded solvent are quantified, through which the network poroelasticity is demonstrated. We also discuss the experimental challenges, common pitfalls, and relevance to cell cytoskeleton...
1.1K
Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix09:13

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

3.5K
This protocol presents a method to perform rheology characterization of mucus that resides on gill rakers (GRs) of the silver carp. Viscoelastic characteristics of GR-mucus, obtained by measuring viscosity, storage and loss moduli, are evaluated for the apparent yield stress to understand the filter feeding mechanism in...
3.5K
The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

9.0K
A protocol for the study of the diffusion of passive tracers in laminar pressure-driven flow is presented. The procedure is applicable to various capillary pipe...
9.0K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

9.1K
Two different methods for characterizing the incipient particle motion of a single bead as a function of the sediment bed geometry from laminar to turbulent flow are...
9.1K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

9.0K
An experimentally accessible analog method for studying molecular hydrodynamic processes in dense fluids is presented. The technique uses particle image velocimetry of vibrated, high-restitution grain piles and allows direct, macroscopic observation of dynamical processes known and predicted to exist in strongly interacting, high density gases and...
9.0K
Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

12.5K
Confocal microscopy is used to image quiescent and flowing colloid-polymer mixtures, which are studied as model systems for attractive suspensions. Image analysis algorithms are used to calculate structural and dynamic metrics for the colloidal particles that measure changes due to geometric...
12.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Viral glycoprotein-mediated entry and antibody-mediated immunity in HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

The asymmetric opening of HIV-1 Env by a potent CD4 mimetic enables anti-coreceptor binding site antibodies to mediate ADCC.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Optimization of VE607 to generate analogs with improved neutralization activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Journal of virology·2025
Same author

HKU5 bat merbecoviruses engage bat and mink ACE2 as entry receptors.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

The conserved HIV-1 spacer peptide 2 triggers matrix lattice maturation.

Nature·2025
Same author

Author Correction: HIV-1 Env trimers asymmetrically engage CD4 receptors in membranes.

Nature·2025
Same journal

A viral ORFeome library for systems-level genetic dissection of host-pathogen interactions.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Co-option of lysosomal machinery shapes the evolution of the intracellular photosymbiosis supporting coral reefs.

Cell·2026
Same journal

LEF1 and niche factors determine T cell stemness across chronic diseases.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Recurrent patterns of TOP1-mediated neuronal genomic damage shared by major neurodegenerative disorders.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Four-dimensional molecular mapping from a spatial snapshot reveals the dynamics of hair follicle organogenesis.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Whole-cell particle-based digital twin simulations from 4D lattice light-sheet microscopy data.

Cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
09:13

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Published on: July 10, 2020

3.5K

HIV Entry Revisited.

Pradeep D Uchil1, Walther Mothes

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA.

Cell
|May 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry into host cells has been re-examined. New findings suggest HIV primarily uses endocytosis, challenging the long-held direct fusion model.

More Related Videos

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

9.1K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
09:13

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Published on: July 10, 2020

3.5K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

9.1K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has traditionally been studied as a virus that enters host cells via direct fusion with the plasma membrane.
  • This model of viral entry has been widely accepted and applied to other enveloped viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the primary mechanism of HIV entry into host cells.
  • To challenge the established model of direct plasma membrane fusion for HIV entry.

Main Methods:

  • The study by Miyauchi et al. (2009) utilized advanced imaging and cellular assays to observe HIV-host cell interactions.
  • Specific inhibitors and genetic manipulations were employed to dissect the viral entry pathway.

Main Results:

  • Compelling evidence indicates that HIV predominantly enters cells through endocytosis.
  • The findings suggest that direct fusion at the plasma membrane is not the primary route for HIV infection.

Conclusions:

  • The prevailing model of HIV entry requires revision.
  • Understanding HIV's endocytic pathway is crucial for developing new antiviral strategies.