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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Whole-Brain 3D Activation and Functional Connectivity Mapping in Mice using Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging

Whole-Brain 3D Activation and Functional Connectivity Mapping in Mice using Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging

Published on: February 24, 2021

A decade of functional brain imaging applied to bladder control.

Clare J Fowler¹, Derek J Griffiths

¹Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK. c.fowler@ion.ucl.ac.uk

Neurourology and Urodynamics

|May 5, 2009

Summary

Functional brain imaging reveals limited but transformative insights into bladder control. This review proposes a model of brain activity during bladder function, incorporating interoception and reviewing related studies.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Whole-Brain 3D Activation and Functional Connectivity Mapping in Mice using Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging

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Published on: February 24, 2021

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

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Published on: August 28, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Urology

Background:

Functional brain imaging is a powerful tool for studying human brain function.
Research on the brain control of bladder function using imaging is limited but impactful.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development of functional brain imaging in understanding bladder control.
To propose a working model of brain activity during bladder filling and emptying.
To examine pathophysiological bladder conditions and treatment effects using functional imaging.

Main Methods:

Review of existing functional brain imaging studies on bladder function.
Integration of emerging concepts of interoception.
Analysis of studies on bladder pathophysiology and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

Functional imaging studies have significantly advanced the understanding of brain-bladder interactions.
A model of brain activity during bladder filling and emptying, incorporating interoception, has been proposed.
Imaging studies have provided insights into bladder conditions and treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

Functional brain imaging is crucial for understanding bladder control and related conditions.
The proposed model offers a framework for future research.
Further investigation using functional imaging is warranted for bladder pathophysiology and treatment optimization.