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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1
09:39

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1

Published on: February 13, 2018

Small fiber neuropathy: A burning problem.

Jinny Tavee1, Lan Zhou

  • 1Neuromuscular Disease Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA.

Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
|May 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small fiber neuropathy causes disabling foot pain, particularly in older adults. Diagnosis involves skin biopsy and autonomic function tests, with management focusing on pain relief and treating underlying conditions like diabetes.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1
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Published on: February 13, 2018

Three-dimensional Imaging of Nociceptive Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Human Skin Biopsies
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Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
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Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers

Published on: September 29, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a growing cause of debilitating foot pain and paresthesias, especially in the elderly.
  • While muscle strength is maintained, SFN significantly impacts quality of life.
  • Diabetes mellitus is the leading identifiable cause, often linked to impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing recognition of small fiber neuropathy.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods for SFN.
  • To outline management strategies for SFN.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of intraepidermal nerve fiber density via skin biopsy.
  • Assessment of autonomic nerve function.
  • Review of clinical presentation and associated conditions.

Main Results:

  • Small fiber neuropathy is a significant cause of painful sensory symptoms in the feet.
  • Diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome components are frequently associated with SFN.
  • Skin biopsy and autonomic function tests are key diagnostic tools.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and diagnosis of SFN are crucial.
  • Aggressive management of underlying causes, particularly diabetes, is essential.
  • Pain control and improved diagnostic techniques are vital for patient outcomes.