Palatal atypical histiocytic granuloma

Area of Science:

• Oral Pathology
• Dermatopathology
• Histopathology

Background:

• Atypical histiocytic granuloma (AHG) is a rare clinical entity presenting as ulceroproliferative lesions.
• Clinically, AHG can mimic squamous cell carcinoma or other granulomatous conditions.
• Histological features include histiocytic proliferation and mitotic activity, potentially causing confusion with lymphoid malignancies.

Observation:

• This report details a unique case of AHG occurring on the palatine mucosa, an uncommon site.
• The lesion presented as an ulcerated, pedunculated mass.
• Histological examination revealed prominent histiocytic infiltration, increased mitotic index, eosinophils, and haemosiderin deposition.

Findings:

• The palatine AHG lesion demonstrated spontaneous resolution post-biopsy.
• No recurrence was observed over a five-year follow-up period.
• Immunohistochemistry proved crucial for definitive diagnosis, differentiating AHG from other potential pathologies.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of AHG is essential to prevent misdiagnosis, particularly concerning malignant neoplasms.
• This case expands the known clinical presentations of AHG to include the palatine mucosa.
• The spontaneous resolution and favorable prognosis underscore the benign nature of AHG when correctly identified.