Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Ultrafast laser-based spectroscopy and sensing: applications in LIBS, CARS, and THz spectroscopy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2012

Same author

Impaired angiogenesis and altered Notch signaling in mice overexpressing endothelial Egfl7.

Blood·2010

Same author

Effects of surface roughness on reflection spectra obtained by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.

Optics letters·2006

Same author

EGFL7 is a chemoattractant for endothelial cells and is up-regulated in angiogenesis and arterial injury.

The American journal of pathology·2005

Same author

Dosage-dependent requirement for mouse Vezf1 in vascular system development.

Developmental biology·2005

Same author

Egfl7, a novel epidermal growth factor-domain gene expressed in endothelial cells.

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists·2004

Same journal

Analyses of dextroamphetamine and its metabolites in human urine by capillary electrophoresis with diode array and capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-DAD-C<sup>4</sup>D).

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

Same journal

Whole-body mass spectrometry imaging reveals metabolome and lipid peroxidation heterogeneity in zebrafish xenografts of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

Same journal

A robust and validated method for the determination of 21 urinary metabolites of 15 plasticizers, including phthalates, DEHTP, and DINCH, by online SPE and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

Same journal

A label-free membrane-based biosensor array with AuNP-modified PDMS for sensitive and specific detection of alpha-fetoprotein.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

Same journal

Smartphone-integrated one-step colorimetric glucose detection at physiological pH enabled by a haloperoxidase mimic.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

Same journal

Chemiluminescence functionalized magnetic nanoparticles-based biosensor for sensitive detection of glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Terahertz spectroscopy techniques for explosives detection.

Megan R Leahy-Hoppa¹, Michael J Fitch, Robert Osiander

¹The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA. megan.leahy-hoppa@jhuapl.edu

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

|May 6, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Terahertz spectroscopy uniquely identifies explosives for nondestructive detection. This technology offers significant potential for security screening applications.

More Related Videos

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives

Published on: April 10, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives

Published on: April 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Spectroscopy
Applied Physics
Security Technology

Background:

Explosives detection is critical for security.
Existing methods may be intrusive or limited.
Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy offers a novel approach.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the capabilities of terahertz spectroscopy for explosives detection.
To highlight key research in this field.

Main Methods:

Utilizing terahertz radiation for spectroscopic analysis.
Penetrating dielectric materials like clothing and containers.
Identifying unique spectral signatures of explosives.

Main Results:

Terahertz spectroscopy can uniquely identify pure and military-grade explosives.
The technology allows for non-destructive and non-intrusive detection.
THz radiation penetrates common dielectric materials.

Conclusions:

Terahertz spectroscopy shows significant potential for security applications.
The technology enables personnel and through-container screening.
Further research and development are warranted for practical implementation.