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Related Experiment Videos

Defective interfering particles with covalently linked [+/-]RNA induce interferon.

P I Marcus, M J Sekellick

    Nature
    |April 28, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vesicular stomatitis virus defective interfering (DI) particles containing both positive-sense (+) and negative-sense (-) viral RNA are potent interferon inducers. This interferon induction is linked to the double-stranded RNA formed within cells.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Defective interfering (DI) particles are viral variants with genomic defects.
    • Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) possesses both positive-sense (+) and negative-sense (-) RNA genomes.
    • Interferon is a crucial component of the innate immune system against viral infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of viral RNA strandedness in interferon induction by VSV DI particles.
    • To determine if the presence of both complementary RNA strands within DI particles is essential for interferon synthesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation and characterization of VSV DI particles containing covalently linked complementary (+) and (-) RNA.
    • Analysis of interferon induction capacity of different DI particle types in cell culture.

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  • Assessment of double-stranded RNA formation in cells infected with various DI particles.

    • Main Results:

    • VSV DI particles with covalently linked (+) and (-) RNA are extremely efficient interferon inducers.
    • A single DI particle can induce a quantum yield of interferon.
    • Conventional DI particles with only negative-sense RNA fail to induce interferon, despite identical polypeptide composition.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of both positive-sense (+) and negative-sense (-) RNA within a single VSV DI particle is critical for potent interferon induction.
    • Double-stranded RNA, presumed to form from these complementary RNA molecules within the cell, is the likely trigger for interferon synthesis.
    • DI particle RNA composition, not just protein content, dictates interferon-inducing capability.