Single-crystal AlN nanonecklaces

Distinct single-crystal aluminum nitride nanonecklaces with uniform [1011] faceted beads are synthesized via catalyst-assisted nitriding of Al. The detailed morphology and structure of the nanonecklaces have been characterized. The growth process has been investigated by comparing the products obtained at different synthesis times. The results reveal that the formation of the nanonecklaces is via a process consisting of facet formation and bead unification. The formation of the [1011] facets is due to the presence of a liquid phase that lowers the surface tension of otherwise high-energy [1011] planes. The bead unification is driven by minimizing the energy contributed by surface energy and electrostatic energy. The unique morphology of the nanonecklaces could be useful for studying fundamental physical phenomena and fabricating nanodevices.