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Related Concept Videos

Three Developmental Domains01:29

Three Developmental Domains

Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood01:25

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
Schemata...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...

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Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

Does visual modularity increase over the course of development?

Karen R Dobkins1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. kdobkins@ucsd.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|May 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain development involves retracting connections to form specialized visual modules. This review examines psychophysical evidence for increasing visual processing segregation during development.

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07:11

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • The developing brain initially forms numerous connections, some of which are later eliminated.
  • This synaptic pruning is crucial for establishing mature neural circuits and functional brain modules.
  • In the visual system, connection retraction may explain the segregation of processing for different visual attributes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the psychophysical evidence for the developmental dissociation of visual processing modules.
  • To explore the functional significance of this developmental segregation in the visual system.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing psychophysical studies on visual development.
  • It examines behavioral data demonstrating the emergence of distinct visual processing capabilities over time.

Main Results:

  • Psychophysical evidence indicates a progressive segregation of visual processing functions during postnatal development.
  • This dissociation supports the formation of specialized neural modules for processing aspects like color, motion, form, and depth.

Conclusions:

  • Synaptic retraction plays a key role in establishing functionally specialized visual processing modules.
  • The developmental segregation of visual functions is essential for mature visual perception.