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Developmental eye movement test: what is it really measuring?

Lauren N Ayton1, Larry A Abel, Timothy R Fricke

  • 1Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|May 7, 2009
PubMed
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The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test accurately assesses reading skills and visual processing speed in children. However, it does not correlate with objective saccadic eye movement measures or reported symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test is a common clinical tool for assessing visual-verbal ocular motor skills.
  • Previous reports suggest a correlation between the DEM test ratio and horizontal saccadic eye movements.
  • No studies have directly compared DEM test performance with objective eye movement quantification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test outcomes with objective measures of saccadic eye movements.
  • To evaluate the correlation between DEM test performance and reading ability, symptomatology, and visual processing speed.
  • To assess the clinical validity of the DEM test in practice.

Main Methods:

  • 158 children (8-11 years) underwent the DEM test and eye movement recording using an infrared eye tracker.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
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  • Participants completed a symptomatology survey.
  • Reading performance and visual processing speed were assessed in subsets of participants.

    • Main Results:

    • 81.65% of participants passed the DEM test.
    • No significant correlations were found between DEM test performance and quantitative eye movement parameters (gain, latency, peak velocity, corrective saccades) or symptomatology.
    • Significant correlations were observed between DEM test outcomes and reading performance, as well as visual processing speed.

    Conclusions:

    • Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test performance is not associated with saccadic eye movement skills or reported symptoms.
    • DEM test results are related to reading performance and visual processing speed.
    • The DEM test may hold diagnostic value in clinical settings due to its correlation with reading and processing speed, despite not correlating with specific eye movement parameters.