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$Interference and Diffraction$ 02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...

Propagation of Waves

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: February 1, 2017

Interfering diffusive photon-density waves with an absorbing-fluorescent inhomogeneity.

X Intes, B Chance, M Holboke

|May 7, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study used simulations to locate embedded objects in scattering breast-like tissue. The re-emitted fluorescent field accurately identified the object

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Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Medical Imaging
Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Background:

Accurate detection of inhomogeneities within scattering media is crucial for medical diagnostics.
Fluorescence imaging offers potential for enhanced contrast in biological tissues.
Understanding light propagation and re-emission in complex media is essential for developing new imaging modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the characteristics of fluorescent light re-emitted from an embedded object in a scattering medium.
To assess the feasibility of using interfering light sources for precise localization of inhomogeneities.
To explore the potential of phased array emission patterns in fluorescence detection within biological tissues.

Main Methods:

Frequency-domain simulations using the finite difference method to solve the diffusion equation.
Modeling of a slab tissue phantom with properties similar to soft-compressed breast tissue.
Inclusion of an absorbing-fluorescent inhomogeneity at the center of the simulated tissue.

Main Results:

The re-emitted fluorescent field exhibited unique interference patterns related to the two-source illumination.
Accurate localization of the embedded inhomogeneity was achieved by scanning the interfering sources.
The characteristic interference pattern persisted in the re-emitted field even with off-mid-plane detection, unlike the excitation field.

Conclusions:

Interfering light sources can enable precise localization of embedded fluorescent objects in scattering media.
The re-emitted fluorescent field retains phase-sensitive information, similar to phased array emission.
This approach shows promise for advanced optical imaging techniques in biomedical applications.