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Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus in Bahrain. A tertiary referral center experience

Zakiya Al-Mosawi1, Badriya E Al-Hermi, Khulood K Al-Saad

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Salmaniya Medical Complex, PO Box 12, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain. zakee08@hotmail.co.uk

Saudi Medical Journal
|May 7, 2009
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Bahrain, finding skin and kidney involvement common. Nephritis was a key factor in morbidity and mortality, with a notable coexistence of SLE and sickle cell anemia.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems.
  • Understanding the specific clinical and serological profiles of pediatric SLE in diverse populations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical and serological features of pediatric SLE patients in Bahrain.
  • To assess comorbidity, morbidity, and mortality associated with pediatric SLE in this region.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical charts of pediatric SLE patients treated at Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain (1998-2007).
  • Data collection included demographics, clinical manifestations, serological markers, comorbidities, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-two pediatric SLE cases were identified, predominantly Bahraini (96.8%).
  • Commonly affected systems included skin (93%), kidney (81%), and musculoskeletal (65%).
  • High rates of positive antinuclear antibody (90.6%) and anti-dsDNA (65%) were observed. Nephritis was the leading cause of morbidity (21%) and mortality (12.5%). Eight patients (25%) had sickle cell anemia.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical and serological findings in Bahraini pediatric SLE patients align with international data.
  • Nephritis is a significant driver of morbidity and mortality in this cohort.
  • The coexistence of SLE and sickle cell anemia warrants further investigation, potentially including genetic studies.
Abstract

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