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Related Experiment Videos

The umbilical cord: normal parameters.

G Ente1, P H Penzer

  • 1Department of Pediatrics Nassau County Medical Centre, NY.

Journal of the Royal Society of Health
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Umbilical cord length and its characteristics, like girth and twist, are vital indicators of fetal development and potential congenital anomalies. Abnormalities may signal serious developmental issues in newborns, requiring careful assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • The umbilical cord's physical characteristics are crucial indicators of fetal well-being.
  • Standard umbilical cord length ranges from 50-60 cm in full-term infants.
  • Cord morphology reflects fetal activity and development, particularly during the second trimester.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic significance of umbilical cord length, girth, and twist.
  • To establish associations between abnormal cord features and fetal developmental abnormalities.
  • To emphasize the importance of careful cord assessment before clamping.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established medical literature and clinical observations regarding umbilical cord morphology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of umbilical cord measurements (length, girth, twist) with neonatal outcomes.
  • Analysis of associations between abnormal cord findings and specific congenital anomalies.

    • Main Results:

    • Short umbilical cords (<50 cm) are linked to fetal akinesis and central nervous system maldevelopment, including Down syndrome.
    • Abnormal cord girth suggests conditions like patent urachus or umbilical hernia.
    • Absence of the typical left/counter-clockwise twist may indicate congenital anomalies.

    Conclusions:

    • Umbilical cord examination is a valuable, non-invasive tool for early detection of fetal developmental issues.
    • Abnormalities in cord length, girth, or twist warrant further investigation for congenital conditions.
    • Careful assessment of the umbilical cord provides critical insights into fetal health and development.