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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Susceptible bacteria increased with limited usage of antibiotics: data with emphasis on defined daily doses

Hajime Takeuchi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Mimihara General Hospital, Kyowa, Osaka, Japan. takechan@japan.email.ne.jp

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|May 8, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Limiting antibiotic use in children significantly reduced resistant bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This approach decreased non-susceptible strains and lowered overall antibiotic consumption.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship

Background:

  • Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are key causes of childhood respiratory infections and meningitis.
  • Antibiotic resistance in these pathogens poses a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of restricted antibiotic usage on resistant bacterial levels in children.
  • To assess changes in antibiotic sensitivity and consumption over a defined period.

Main Methods:

  • Collected pharyngeal and sputum specimens from children over four years.
  • Cultured H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae, measuring antibiotic sensitivity.
  • Calculated dosages and total consumption of major antibiotics.

Main Results:

  • Cultured 920 H. influenzae and 128 S. pneumoniae samples.
  • Observed a decrease in non-sensitive H. influenzae to cefaclor (62.1% to 50.3%) and S. pneumoniae to amoxicillin (31.6% to 0.0%).
  • Reduced total antibiotic amount by 40.5% compared to the initial period.

Conclusions:

  • Restricted antibiotic use can effectively lower the prevalence of non-susceptible bacteria in pediatric populations.
  • This strategy contributes to antimicrobial stewardship and may mitigate resistance development.

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