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Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
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Exploratory assessment of perfluorinated compounds and human thyroid function.

Michael S Bloom1, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Henry M Spliethoff

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York 12114, USA. mbloom@albany.edu

Physiology & Behavior
|May 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found no significant links between common environmental perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) and thyroid hormones in anglers. However, sportfish consumption may increase PFC levels, and further research is needed to explore potential weak associations with thyroid function.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are crucial for neurodevelopment and cognitive function.
  • Persistent organohalogen pollutants, like perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), may disrupt thyroid homeostasis, potentially impacting neurologic and cognitive health.
  • Sportfish consumption is a potential exposure route for environmental contaminants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum levels of various perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) and thyroid hormone levels (TSH, FT4) in licensed anglers.
  • To explore the role of sportfish consumption in contributing to PFC exposure.
  • To assess potential risks of PFCs to thyroid function and neurocognitive health.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from 31 licensed anglers in New York State were analyzed for TSH, FT4, and multiple PFCs (PFDA, PFNA, PFHpA, PFHxS, PFOA, PFOS, PFOSA, PFUnDA).
  • Cross-sectional analysis was performed to detect associations between PFCs and thyroid hormones.
  • Statistical analyses included geometric means, confidence intervals, and post hoc power analyses. Sportfish consumption data was correlated with PFC levels.

Main Results:

  • Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were detected at the highest concentrations.
  • No statistically significant associations were found between measured PFCs (or their sum) and TSH or free thyroxine (FT4) at alpha=0.05.
  • Sportfish consumption showed a positive correlation with perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) levels. Post hoc analyses suggested potential for weak associations between FT4 and PFDA/PFUnDA with larger sample sizes.

Conclusions:

  • This preliminary study does not indicate significant associations between non-occupational PFC exposure and thyroid function in the studied angler population.
  • The consumption of sportfish may contribute to elevated levels of certain PFCs, specifically PFDA and PFUnDA.
  • Further confirmatory research with larger sample sizes is warranted to investigate potential weak associations between specific PFCs (PFDA, PFUnDA) and thyroid function, given the widespread environmental presence of PFCs and the importance of thyroid hormones for neurodevelopment and cognition.