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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes
10:02

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

Published on: July 25, 2015

A "hard" neck lump.

S C Leong1, P D Karkos

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Warrington Hospital, Lovely Lane, Warrington, Cheshire WA5 1QG, UK. samuelleong@tiscali.co.uk

Singapore Medical Journal
|May 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of an asymptomatic cervical rib presented as a neck lump. This highlights the importance of considering cervical ribs in neck mass diagnoses for ENT surgeons.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes
10:02

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

Published on: July 25, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Anatomy
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Cervical ribs are congenital anomalies, an extra rib extending from the cervical spine.
  • They are often asymptomatic but can be associated with thoracic outlet syndrome.
  • Neck masses require a thorough differential diagnosis for accurate patient management.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old woman presented with a hard neck lump.
  • The neck lump was identified as an asymptomatic cervical rib.
  • This presentation is uncommon for a cervical rib, which typically presents with thoracic outlet syndrome symptoms.

Findings:

  • The case underscores that asymptomatic cervical ribs can manifest as palpable neck masses.
  • Diagnostic imaging is crucial for identifying cervical ribs and differentiating them from other neck pathologies.
  • Surgical and non-surgical management options exist for symptomatic cervical ribs.

Implications:

  • ENT surgeons must include cervical ribs in their differential diagnosis for neck masses.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of cervical ribs can prevent complications associated with thoracic outlet syndrome.
  • This case emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach in otolaryngology.