One-step self-etching adhesive polymerization: influence of a self-curing activator

Current dental adhesives rely on polymerization processes that can affect bonding strength. Prior research has shown that solvent evaporation influences polymerization outcomes. However, the specific impact of self-curing activators on polymerization extent remains unclear. This gap motivated the investigation of Xeno IV adhesive behavior. No prior work had resolved the role of Aurora in this context. The study aimed to clarify how Aurora affects polymerization and contraction. The role of oxygen in these processes is also underexplored. Understanding these factors could improve adhesive performance. This paper contributes novel insights into one-step adhesive systems.

The study aimed to evaluate how Aurora affects Xeno IV polymerization and volumetric contraction. Researchers focused on spatial polymerization patterns using MRI. They compared adhesive behavior with and without Aurora. The goal was to assess the impact of solvent evaporation and activator presence. The study also examined the effect of drying periods on polymerization. Oxygen's influence was considered in all measurements. The research sought to determine if Aurora enhances or hinders polymerization. These findings could inform adhesive application protocols.

The team used (1)H STRAFI-MRI to capture one-dimensional profiles of Xeno IV with and without Aurora. They acquired images before and after solvent removal. Normalization involved external reference signals and magnetization intensity. Gravimetry measured solvent evaporation rates. Cured adhesive profiles were subtracted from liquid profiles to calculate polymerization extent. Oxygen presence was maintained throughout the process. Data collection followed manufacturer-recommended irradiation times. The method allowed spatially resolved analysis of polymerization and contraction.

Xeno IV showed high volumetric contraction, mainly from solvent evaporation. Aurora addition increased solvent content, reducing polymerization extent. Drying periods improved Xeno IV polymerization but not when Aurora was present. MRI profiles revealed spatial variations in polymerization. Aurora's effect was most notable in solvent-rich regions. Oxygen presence influenced contraction patterns. Gravimetry confirmed significant solvent loss in all samples. The results suggest solvent evaporation is critical for optimal polymerization.

The authors found that Aurora reduced Xeno IV's polymerization extent. This effect was linked to increased solvent content from Aurora. Drying periods improved polymerization in Xeno IV alone. Aurora's presence negated this benefit. The findings suggest solvent evaporation is key for polymerization. Aurora may hinder this process by retaining solvent. The study highlights the importance of drying steps in adhesive application. These conclusions align with the observed MRI and gravimetry data.