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Related Experiment Video

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Movement intention after parietal cortex stimulation in humans.

Michel Desmurget1, Karen T Reilly, Nathalie Richard

  • 1Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, CNRS, UMR 5229, 69500 Bron, France.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conscious motor intentions and awareness originate in the parietal cortex. Electrical stimulation here created intentions and a false sense of movement, while premotor stimulation caused actual movement without awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Surgery

Background:

  • The parietal and premotor cortex regions are implicated in motor control and awareness.
  • Understanding the neural basis of motor intention and awareness is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of the parietal and premotor cortex in generating motor intentions and awareness.
  • To determine the neural correlates of conscious motor intention and awareness.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical brain stimulation was applied to the parietal and premotor cortex in seven patients during awake surgery.
  • Patients reported subjective experiences of intention and awareness following stimulation.
  • Electromyography was used to detect actual muscle activity.

Main Results:

  • Stimulation of the right inferior parietal cortex induced intentions to move limbs and speech.
  • Stimulation of the left inferior parietal cortex induced intentions for speech and lip movement.
  • Increased parietal stimulation led to a false sense of movement execution without electromyographic evidence.
  • Premotor cortex stimulation evoked overt movements but patients denied performing them.

Conclusions:

  • Conscious motor intention and awareness arise from parietal cortex activity preceding movement execution.
  • The parietal cortex plays a critical role in the subjective experience of intending and being aware of movement.
  • Distinction between intention generation (parietal) and movement execution (premotor) is highlighted.