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[The pattern electroretinogram test in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 with normal fundus]
Ewa Spoz1, Wojciech Lubiński, Danuta Karczewicz
1Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin.
Introduction:
The aim of this work is to evaluate bioelectrical retinal functions in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 with normal fundus of the eye.
Material And Methods:
The pattern electroretinogram test (PERG-ISCEV standards) was performed in total group of 64 eyes of 32 patients suffering from DM type 1 (mean duration of diabetes 9.3 +/- 3.9 years and mean age 23.9 +/- 5.7 years) with normal fundus in routine ophthalmic examination and normal optic disc measured in GDx test. The control group consisted of 62 eyes of 31 healthy age, sex and refractive error matched individuals.
Results:
In analyzed group of 64 eyes with DM type 1, ganglion cell dysfunction in macular region was observed. PERG test revealed statistically significant amplitude decrease (p = 0.017) and latency increase (p = 0.002) of N95 wave. The most frequent abnormality was increased latency of N95 wave (23%--15/64 of tested eyes). In subgroup of 34 eyes with DM type 1 and with duration less than 10 years, the increase of latency of P50 and N95 waves was observed. In subgroup of 30 eyes with DM type 1 and with duration longer than 10 years, the decrease of the amplitudes of P50 and N95 waves was noted additionally.
Conclusions:
In eyes of patients with DM type 1 and with normal fundus, dysfunction of inner retinal layers as well as cone photoreceptors in macular region was observed and registered by PERG test. The PERG test also revealed progression of functional changes in inner retinal layers related to diabetes duration.
