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[Construction of an arithmetic ability scale for grades three through five].

S Fujimori1

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Okayama University.

Shinrigaku Kenkyu : the Japanese Journal of Psychology
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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This study developed a new arithmetic ability scale for grades 3-5 using item response theory. The scale accurately measures student abilities, showing significant growth between grades 4 and 5.

Area of Science:

  • Educational Measurement
  • Psychometrics
  • Item Response Theory

Context:

  • Developing reliable and valid assessments is crucial for evaluating educational progress.
  • Standardized scales are needed to track arithmetic ability across grade levels.
  • Item response theory (IRT) offers advanced methods for test construction and analysis.

Purpose:

  • To construct and validate a common scale for measuring arithmetic ability in elementary students (grades 3-5).
  • To estimate item and ability parameters simultaneously across three test forms using the two-parameter IRT model.
  • To evaluate the precision of ability estimation using the test information function.

Summary:

  • Three test forms were developed and administered to students in grades 3-5.

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  • The two-parameter item response model was applied to estimate parameters for all items across the three forms on a common scale.
  • Ability estimates showed a small difference between grades 3 and 4, but a larger difference between grades 4 and 5, indicating practical usability and sufficient estimation precision.
  • Impact:

    • Provides a validated scale for assessing arithmetic ability, enabling consistent measurement across different test forms.
    • Offers a framework for comparing item difficulty and discrimination in a unified scale.
    • The findings support the practical application of the developed scale in educational settings for ability estimation and curriculum evaluation.