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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening
07:18

A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening

Published on: May 12, 2017

A small molecule primes embryonic stem cells for differentiation.

Shoutian Zhu1, Heiko Wurdak, Jian Wang

  • 1The Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology and the Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Cell Stem Cell
|May 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered stauprimide, a novel small molecule that enhances embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. This compound targets NME2, downregulating c-Myc and improving cell therapy potential.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening
07:18

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Published on: May 12, 2017

Transient Treatment of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells with DMSO to Promote Differentiation
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Published on: July 17, 2019

Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Oligodendrocyte Precursors
08:11

Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Oligodendrocyte Precursors

Published on: May 19, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Molecular medicine
  • Drug discovery

Background:

  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) hold promise for regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
  • Current limitations in ESC applications stem from inefficient lineage-specific differentiation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify chemical tools that enhance directed differentiation of mouse and human ESCs.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which enhanced differentiation is achieved.

Main Methods:

  • High-content screening to identify small molecules affecting ESC differentiation.
  • Affinity-based methods to determine molecular targets of identified compounds.
  • Analysis of downstream effects on key regulatory proteins like c-Myc.

Main Results:

  • Stauprimide was identified as a small molecule that significantly increases differentiation efficiency in synergy with signaling cues.
  • Stauprimide was found to interact with NME2, inhibiting its nuclear localization.
  • This interaction led to the downregulation of c-Myc, a critical regulator of pluripotency.

Conclusions:

  • Stauprimide serves as a valuable chemical tool for priming ESCs towards efficient differentiation.
  • The study highlights the role of NME2 in ESC self-renewal and its regulation of c-Myc.
  • Findings pave the way for improved cell-based therapies for degenerative diseases.